Operators

JavaScript provides various operators to perform different types of operations. These include arithmetic, assignment, comparison, logical, and more.

1. Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators are used to perform arithmetic on numbers:

let a = 5;
let b = 2;
let sum = a + b; // Addition
let difference = a - b; // Subtraction
let product = a * b; // Multiplication
let quotient = a / b; // Division
let remainder = a % b; // Modulus
let exponent = a ** b; // Exponentiation (ES2016)

2. Assignment Operators

Assignment operators assign values to variables:

let x = 10; // Assignment
x += 5; // Addition assignment
x -= 3; // Subtraction assignment
x *= 2; // Multiplication assignment
x /= 4; // Division assignment
x %= 2; // Modulus assignment
x **= 3; // Exponentiation assignment

3. Comparison Operators

Comparison operators compare two values and return a boolean result:

let x = 5;
let y = 10;
console.log(x == y); // Equal to
console.log(x === y); // Equal value and equal type
console.log(x != y); // Not equal
console.log(x !== y); // Not equal value or not equal type
console.log(x > y); // Greater than
console.log(x < y); // Less than
console.log(x >= y); // Greater than or equal to
console.log(x <= y); // Less than or equal to

4. Logical Operators

Logical operators are used to combine conditional statements:

let a = true;
let b = false;
console.log(a && b); // Logical AND
console.log(a || b); // Logical OR
console.log(!a); // Logical NOT

5. Bitwise Operators

Bitwise operators perform operations on binary representations of numbers:

let x = 5; // 0101 in binary
let y = 3; // 0011 in binary
console.log(x & y); // AND
console.log(x | y); // OR
console.log(x ^ y); // XOR
console.log(~x); // NOT
console.log(x << 1); // Left shift
console.log(x >> 1); // Right shift

6. Ternary Operator

The ternary operator is a shorthand for an if-else statement:

let age = 18;
let canVote = (age >= 18) ? "Yes" : "No";
console.log(canVote); // Outputs: Yes